Credential stuffing has been around for a while, and it is exactly what it sounds like: an attack in which hackers use a cache of compromised usernames and passwords to break into a system. However, hackers have recently found new ways to make it more effective, namely the arrival of artificial intelligence (AI), which allows for a far more algorithmic-driven strategy.
These types of attacks are on the rise because hackers have new AI-driven tools. The 2024 Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report (DBIR) states that external actors perpetrated 83 percent of breaches. Of these breaches, 49 percent involved the use of stolen credentials.
Cybercriminals often find lists of usernames and passwords on the dark web or as a by-product of a previous cyber-attack. For example, www.HaveIBeenPwned.com has tracked over 8.5 billion compromised credentials from over 400 data breaches.
Notable attacks
Some notable, recent credential stuffing attacks include:
- Dunkin’: Dunkin’ and its customers were victims of many credential-stuffing attacks beginning in 2015. New York State sued the doughnut and coffee chain, and now Dunkin’ will be required to maintain safeguards to protect against similar attacks in the future. They will also have to follow incident response procedures when an attack occurs and pay $650,000 in penalties and costs to the state of New York.
- Norton: In January 2023, Norton Lifelock Password Manager was hit with a brute-force credential stuffing attack. Threat actors used stolen credentials to log into customer accounts and access their data. Over 925,000 people were targeted in this attack.
- Hot Topic: American retailer Hot Topic disclosed in March 2024 that two waves of credential stuffing attacks in November 2023 exposed affected customers’ personal information and partial payment data. The Hot Topic fast-fashion chain has over 10,000 employees in more than 630 store locations across the U.S. and Canada, the company’s headquarters, and two distribution centers.
- Roku: Roku warned in April 2024 that 576,000 accounts were hacked in new credential stuffing attacks after disclosing another incident that compromised 15,000 accounts in early March of 2024. The company said the attackers used login information stolen from other online platforms to breach as many active Roku accounts as possible in credential-stuffing attacks.
These are just a handful of high-profile examples. Most credential-stuffing attacks occur outside of the media glare, day after day, in offices and enterprises worldwide.
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